PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice
a passive construction occurs when you make the object of an action in the subject of a sentence . that's whoever or whatever is performing the action is not the grammatical subject of the sentence . take a look at this passive repharasing of a familiar joke.

example passive voice :
 
* tense : simple present
  active : we take a cake
  passive : a cake is taken by us

* tense : simple past
  active : we took a cake
  passive : a cake was taken by us

* tense : simple future
  active : we will take a cake
  passive : a cake will be taken by us

* tense : present perfect
  active : we has taken a cake
  passive : a cake has been taken by us

* tense : past perfect

  active : we had taken a cake

  passive : a cake had been taken by us

* tense : going to-future

  active : we are going to take a cake in the table

  passive : a cake is going to taken by us in the table

When rewriting active sentence in the passive voice , note the following :
* the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
* the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
* the object of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

AGENT
in passive voice clause , we usually use a phrase beginning with by if we want to mention the agent - the person or thing that does the action , or that causes what happens . example :

My mother makes sandwich every morning
* subject + Verb 1 + s/es + O + C (adv. of time)

Sandwich is made by my mother every morning
* subject + tobe + V3 + agent + C (adv. of time)

If you want to change an active sentence which has two objects into its passive forms, there are two ways :

1. Make its indirect into the subject of the passive sentence.

2. Make its direct object into the subject of the passive sentence.

Example :

* active : Vitrosa is giving his girl-friend a bunch of flower.

   indirect object : his girl-friend

   direct object : a bunch of flower

* passive : (the indirect object as the subject)

   Vitrosa's girl-friend is being given a bunch of flower.

* passive : (the direct object as the subject)

  A bunch of flower is being given to Vitrosa'a girl-friend.